It's time to take a closer look at your diet, say scientists.
A new study published in The Lancet Global Health suggests that many people around the world are falling short on getting essential vitamins and minerals from their food and drink. Researchers analyzed data from the Global Dietary Database and developed statistical models to estimate micronutrient levels in diets across 185 countries for 99.3 percent of the world's population.
The findings are alarming, according to food scientists. Most people, regardless of region or income, are not consuming enough of multiple essential micronutrients, he says. This lack of micronutrients can compromise health outcomes and limit human potential on a global scale.
Related: These 5 Nutrient Deficiencies Are Awfully Common
Source: The Lancet Global Health, 2024
Iodine ranked highest on the list of inadequate intakes. The researchers found that iodine deficiency affects 68% of the population, which is crucial for producing the hormone thyroxine that keeps cells functioning properly. Iodine is found in seafood and dairy products, but many people are not getting enough. In fact, the study suggests that one-third of the global population is at risk of iodine deficiency.
Source: The Lancet Global Health, 2024
Vitamin E deficiency affects 67% of the population, and is found in foods like nuts, seeds, and eggs. Vitamin E helps with waste recycling in the body and is also important for cell messaging and defending against infection. The researchers found that vitamin E deficiency is more prevalent in rural areas, where access to fresh fruits and vegetables may be limited.
Related: Are You Low on Nutrients? Let Your Face Be Your Guide
Source: The Lancet Global Health, 2024
Then there's calcium deficiency, with 66% of people not getting enough of this essential mineral. Calcium is vital for strong bones and teeth, as well as the proper functioning of the heart, muscles, and nerves. It's available in foods like milk, cheese, and green leafy vegetables. The study suggests that calcium deficiency is more common in women, particularly those who are pregnant or breastfeeding.
In fourth place is iron deficiency, which affects 65% of the population. Iron is critical for producing the hemoglobin we need to carry oxygen around our body. Iron can be found in liver, red meat, and beans, and a lack of iron can lead to fatigue, headaches, and many other health issues. The researchers found that iron deficiency is more prevalent in low-income countries, where access to iron-rich foods may be limited.
While the study has some limitations - it didn't account for supplements and fortified foods, and involves some estimates - it provides a detailed overview of potential dietary deficiencies across different age groups and genders. The researchers hope that their findings will encourage better dietary habits and reduce health issues caused by nutrient deficiencies.
According to Christopher Golden, an epidemiologist and ecologist at Harvard University, the public health challenge is immense, but there is an opportunity for practitioners and policymakers to identify effective dietary interventions and target them to the populations most in need.
The study's findings will likely have a significant impact on global health policy and practice. As the world's population continues to grow and urbanize, the need for effective dietary interventions has never been more pressing. It is our responsibility to ensure that everyone has access to the nutrients they need to lead healthy and productive lives by working together to address these nutritional gaps.
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