The thyroid gland is a vital part of the hormone system that controls metabolism. It can be affected by various disorders, including underactivity, overactivity, Hashimoto's and Graves's disease. Women are more susceptible to thyroid disorders than men. To treat thyroid disorders, medication is necessary, but it's also important to follow a proper diet. If you or someone you know is struggling with thyroid issues, here are ten essential things to keep in mind.
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1. Eat more goitrogenic foods
If you have an underactive thyroid gland, it's important to be cautious about consuming too many unprocessed goitrogenic foods. These foods contain enzymes that are responsible for active substances, which may be neutralized if the food is cooked, fried, or steamed. If you have an overactive thyroid gland, it's recommended that you consult with a nutritionist or doctor about increasing your consumption of goitrogenic foods.
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3. Avoid soy
The soy plant contains goitrogenic properties that can inhibit the absorption of thyroid hormones, making it particularly concerning for individuals with hypothyroidism. It is advised to limit the consumption of processed soy foods that are high in phytoestrogens, such as smoothies, powders, soy milk, snacks, and nutritional supplements. If you still prefer to consume soy, it is recommended to do so in the form of a tempeh, and in moderation. For those with an overactive gland, it is best to consult with a doctor or nutritionist before incorporating soy into their diet.
4. Coffee can be a problem
Coffee does not directly affect the thyroid gland, but it can interfere with the absorption and effectiveness of medications. It is therefore advisable to avoid drinking coffee for at least an hour after taking medication or hormone replacement. Consult your doctor if you cannot wait and must drink coffee close to taking medication. Some liquid medicines or capsules may not be affected by coffee consumption.
5. Beware of iron and calcium supplements
Calcium and iron supplements can also interfere with drug absorption in the body, so it is recommended to wait at least three to four hours between taking medication and consuming supplements or foods rich in these substances.
6. Foods with iodine
Consuming foods with iodine does not directly affect the thyroid gland unless they contain other substances that interfere with its function. Iodine is a crucial mineral that helps maintain the hormonal balance of the body's metabolism. The majority of iodine we consume is used by the thyroid gland to produce hormones. While iodine is essential, excessive consumption can lead to overactivity.
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7. Avoid gluten
Individuals who have celiac disease or a sensitivity to gluten or wheat tend to have normal thyroid activity when they follow a gluten-free diet. This is because a gluten-free diet eliminates antibodies and can lead to a remission in thyroid-related diseases. It is therefore recommended that individuals reduce or eliminate foods that contain gluten, even if they do not have a sensitivity, as it can benefit the gland's activity.
8. Fiber-rich foods
For patients with thyroid-related diseases who often experience constipation and weight gain, incorporating high-fiber foods into their diet can be helpful. Vegetables such as avocado, beans, carrots, chickpeas, eggplant, potato, pumpkin, peas, pepper, and sweet potato, along with fruits like apple, banana, berries, kiwi, orange, pear, plum, and dried fruits, as well as mushrooms, bran, and nuts are all high in fiber and not goitrogenic, making them beneficial. However, it is important to note that excessive consumption of high-fiber foods can impact drug absorption. It is recommended to check with a healthcare professional every two to three months to determine if dosage adjustments are necessary.
9. Small meals vs. big meals
People who aim to boost their metabolic rate often prefer consuming several small meals throughout the day rather than sticking to two or three big meals, as it ensures that the digestive system works longer on the same amount of food. While this method might work for some individuals, it is not advised for those with abnormal thyroid activity, especially for those who are trying to lose weight. For such people, it is better to have more extended intervals between meals, as it helps to regulate insulin and leptin levels that are responsible for appetite control.
10. Water plays an important role
Drinking an adequate amount of water can prove to be an effective tool for patients suffering from thyroid gland-related diseases. Water has the ability to boost metabolism, suppress appetite, promote digestion, and relieve constipation. By consuming enough water throughout the day, most of the issues caused by the thyroid gland's abnormal functioning can be alleviated.
This article cannot replace professional medical advice. If you're worried about any potential harm to your thyroid gland, it's best to consult with your doctor for a comprehensive assessment.
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