1. Pingtang Telescope, China
The Pingtang telescope was completed in September 2016, becoming the world's largest radio telescope in the process. Its dish measures more than 1,600 feet across and is capable of capturing signals more than 1,000 light years from earth.
2. Gotthard Base Tunnel, Switzerland
The world's longest and deepest rail tunnel became operational in December 2016. It is 35 miles long, took 17 years to construct, and lies 6,500 feet below the Gotthard Massif, a mountain range within the Swiss Alps.
3. Panama Canal, Panama
The original Panama Canal, which was constructed more than 100 years ago, is one of the Modern Wonders of the World, but a century of progress meant that it had to be widened. Some 40,000 workers worked on the expansion project, and the completed canal opened in 2016 at a cost of $5.4 billion.
4. The Bride Skyscraper, Iraq
Who ever thought such a proposal would be possible? The 3,779-foot-tall "Bride" skyscraper is proposed for construction in Basra, Iraq. If the name sounds familiar, it's the site of the first battle of the 2003 US invasion. The design is covered with solar panels, so the skyscraper will be able to power itself. It will also be the world's tallest building if (when?) completed in 2026.
5. Jiaozhou Bay Bridge, China
This 26-mile-long cross-sea bridge is the longest of its kind in the world, stretching almost 26 miles out into the open ocean. When it opened, it cut the travel time for people traveling between east China and the island of Huangdao in half.
6. Itaipu Dam, Brazil
Completed more than 30 years ago, this hydroelectric dam produces more power than any other in the world. In fact, its energy generation is so large that it supplies Paraguay with 75% and Brazil with 20% of their energy needs respectively.
7. Crossrail Project, London
The largest construction project ever undertaken in Europe will see 10 new train lines added to the existing London Underground system, and 30 existing stations connected via brand-new tunnels. It will begin service in 2017, and be in full operation by 2020.
8. Hyderabad Metro Rail, India
This railway system marks the first time that communication-based train control will be implemented in India. With three brand-new metro lines for the city of Hyderabad, the network is set to open in 2017.
9. Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macau Bridge, China
More than 42 million people live in China's Pearl River Delta, and this gargantuan project will link its three major cities, namely Zhuhai, Macau and Hong Kong, via a series of bridges and underwater tunnels. It will open to traffic in December 2017.
10. Mall of the World, Dubai
The proposal for the largest mall on earth comprises more than 48 million square feet of enclosed, air-conditioned luxury in the middle of the desert. As part of the design, the largest indoor game park in the world will be constructed, as will 20,000 hotel rooms to cater to the 180 million annual visitors that the development is expected to receive when completed in 2029.
11. Alphabet Inc's Smart Cities - Locations TBC
Google's parent company is looking at constructing smart cities, which will have citywide internet access, be powered by renewable energy, and feature the latest in automated technology, throughout the US.
12. Riyadh Metro, Saudi Arabia
This $23.5 billion rail line will boast a flagship station designed by world-famous architect, Zaha Hadid. Operation is scheduled to begin in 2019, and the railway will have 109 miles of railway on completion, revolutionizing how the residents of Riyadh get around.
13. Songdo Smart City, South Korea
Built on 1,500 acres of reclaimed land along the waterfront of the South Korean city of Incheon, this smart city was completed in 2015. Home to some 67,000 residents, it has near-comprehensive internet access and offers a taste of future urban life.
14. South-North Water Transfer Project, China
The Chinese have set about moving some 45 billion cubic feet of water from the mighty Yangtze River in the south of the country, to the more arid industrialized north. They will do so via three canals and have spent some $79 billion on the project thus far.
15. Sognefjord Submerged Floating Tunnel, Norway
Perhaps the most intriguing of all the projects on this list is a Norwegian proposal for building a $25 billion submerged floating tunnel beneath the Sognefjord, the largest Fjord in Norway, which is 3,000 feet wide and 4,000 feet deep. This radical tunnel will be the first of its kind in the world if the vision is realized.
16. Urban Renewal Project, Turkey
Turkey has incredible ambitions for renewing its urban areas. Over the next 20 years, the country plans to demolish more than 7 million buildings and build earthquake-resistant, modern structures in their place. The colossal cost of all this is estimated at $400 billion.
